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The following is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was adopted
on December 10, 1948 by the General Assembly of the United Nations. The attempt
of this analysis is to show how each of the fundamental human rights guaranteed
in this declaration are already found in the Holy Quran.
Preamble
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable
rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice
and peace in the world,
Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous
acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world
in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom
from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common
people,
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse,
as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human
rights should be protected by the rule of law,
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations
between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed
their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the
human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined
to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation
with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance
of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest
importance for the full realization of this pledge,
Now, therefore,
The General Assembly,
Proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard
of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual
and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind,
shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights
and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to
secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among
the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories
under their jurisdiction.
Article 1
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are
endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in
a spirit of brotherhood.
Certainly, the Quran reiterates our common humanity
and equality:
[3:95] Their Lord responded to them: "I never fail
to reward any worker among you for any work you do, be you male or female
- you are equal to one another.…
[4:25] … GOD knows best about your belief,
and you are equal to one another, as far as belief is
concerned…
[17:70] We have honored the children of Adam, and
provided them with rides on land and in the sea. We provided for them good
provisions, and we gave them greater advantages than many of our
creatures.
Article 2
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this
Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex,
language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status.
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political,
jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which
a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or
under any other limitation of sovereignty.
The Quran repeatedly explains that it is the human
factor which divides us from uniting under our common Creator and Sustainer.
It is the human factor which splits us into sects and divides us along
superficial lines, pitting us against one another. Hence, the Quranic injunction
not to differentiate between God's messengers and to commemorate God
Alone:
[2:136] Say, "We believe in GOD, and in what was
sent down to us, and in what was sent down to Abraham, Ismail, Isaac, Jacob,
and the Patriarchs; and in what was given to Moses and Jesus, and all the
prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction among any of them. To Him
alone we are submitters."
[49:13] O people, we created you from the same male
and female, and rendered you distinct peoples and tribes that you may recognize
one another. The best among you in the sight of GOD is the most righteous.
GOD is Omniscient, Cognizant.
Article 3
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
[17:33] You shall not kill any person - for GOD
has made life sacred - except in the course of justice. If one is killed
unjustly, then we give his heir authority to enforce justice. Thus, he shall
not exceed the limits in avenging the murder, he will be helped.
[2:191] You may kill those who wage war against
you, and you may evict them whence they evicted you. Oppression is worse
than murder…
[7:157] …He exhorts them to be righteous, enjoins
them from evil, allows for them all good food, and prohibits that which is
bad, and unloads the burdens and the shackles imposed upon them. Those who
believe in him, respect him, support him, and follow the light that came
with him are the successful ones."
The Quran goes as far as urging us to take whatever
measures possible to insure that the fundamental human rights of others are
met:
[4:75] Why should you not fight in the cause of
GOD when weak men, women, and children are imploring: "Our Lord, deliver
us from this community whose people are oppressive, and be You our Lord and
Master."
Article 4
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade
shall be prohibited in all their forms.
When the Quran was revealed slavery was in wide
practice throughout the Arab World. Thus, it would have been impractical
and suicidal to place an immediate ban on all slavery. The Quran uses a better
psychological approach to win people's hearts in the struggle against slavery
and all forms of discrimination by placing a strong emphacis on human dignity
and equality and encouraging the freeing of slaves whenever
possible:
[90:10-14] Did we not show him the two paths? He
should choose the difficult path. Which one is the difficult path? The freeing
of slaves. Feeding, during the time of hardship.
[2:177] Righteousness is not turning your faces
towards the east or the west. Righteous are those who believe in GOD, the
Last Day, the angels, the scripture, and the prophets; and they give the
money, cheerfully, to the relatives, the orphans, the needy, the traveling
alien, the beggars, and to free the slaves;…
[9:60] Charities shall go to the poor, the needy,
the workers who collect them, the new converts, to free the slaves, to those
burdened by sudden expenses, in the cause of GOD, and to the traveling alien.
Such is GOD's commandment. GOD is Omniscient, Most Wise.
Article 5
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment
or punishment.
In the Quan, we are constantly reminded to take
heed from the lessons of history and are sensitized to the gross evils of
tyranny:
[26:130] "And when you strike, you strike
mercilessly.
[28:4] Pharaoh
turned into a tyrant on earth, and discriminated against some people. He
persecuted a helpless group of them, slaughtering their sons, while sparing
their daughters. He was indeed wicked.
Article 6
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
A philosophy in which we are all equal before our
common Creator and Provider reassures us of deferential treatment before
the law:
[23:8] When it comes to deposits entrusted to them,
as well as any agreements they make, they are trustworthy.
[35:10] Anyone seeking dignity should know that
to GOD belongs all dignity. To Him ascends the good words, and He exalts
the righteous works. As for those who scheme evil works, they incur severe
retribution; the scheming of such people is destined to fail.
Article 7
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination
to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against
any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement
to such discrimination.
[4:25] …GOD knows best about your belief, and
you are equal to one another, as far as belief is concerned…
The following Quranic narration highlights how important
it is to give everyone the same respect and attention irrespective of one's
socioeconomic background:
[80:1-11] He (Muhammad) frowned and turned away.
When the blind man came to him. How do you know? He may purify himself. Or
he may take heed, and benefit from the message. As for the rich man. You
gave him your attention. Even though you could not guarantee his salvation.
The one who came to you eagerly. And is really reverent. You ignored him.
Indeed, this is a reminder.
Article 8
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals
for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution
or by law.
The Quran encourages mercy and forgiveness whenever
possible but decrees equivalent punishment as a fundamental right guarnateed
to the victim:
[2:178] O you who believe, equivalence is the law
decreed for you when dealing with murder - the free for the free, the slave
for the slave, the female for the female. If one is pardoned by the victim's
kin, an appreciative response is in order, and an equitable compensation
shall be paid. This is an alleviation from your Lord and mercy. Anyone who
transgresses beyond this incurs a painful retribution.
[16:126] And if you punish, you shall inflict an
equivalent punishment. But if you resort to patience (instead of revenge),
it would be better for the patient ones.
Article 9
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
We are constantly warned not to be overly suspicious
of others without incriminating evidence. Such attitudes only bring about
unjustified hostility and harm towards the accused:
[49:12] O you who believe, you shall avoid any
suspicion, for even a little bit of suspicion is sinful. You shall not spy
on one another, nor shall you backbite one another; this is as abominable
as eating the flesh of your dead brother. You certainly abhor this. You shall
observe GOD. GOD is Redeemer, Most Merciful.
Article 10
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an
independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and
obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
Certainly, the Quran highlights the need for
imparitality on all matters within the community:
[2:143] We thus made you an impartial community,
that you may serve as witnesses among the people, and the messenger serves
as a witness among you….
Article 11
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent
until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had
all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act
or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or
international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier
penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal
offence was committed.
(see relevant verses above)
Article 12
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family,
home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone
has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
The Quran also highlights the need to ensure our
privacy as individuals. For example, we see the Quranic injunction not to
marry women who were previously married to our fathers. This rule ensures
that we do not interfere with the private experiences and intimate revelations
between husband and wife:
[33:53] O you who believe, do not enter the prophet's
homes unless you are given permission to eat, nor shall you force such an
invitation in any manner. If you are invited, you may enter. When you finish
eating, you shall leave; do not engage him in lengthy conversations. This
used to hurt the prophet, and he was too shy to tell you. But GOD does not
shy away from the truth. If you have to ask his wives for something, ask
them from behind a barrier. This is purer for your hearts and their hearts.
You are not to hurt the messenger of GOD. You shall not marry his wives after
him, for this would be a gross offense in the sight of GOD.
*33:53 We are enjoined in 4:22 from marrying women
who were previously married to our fathers. Nor can the father marry the
divorced wife of his genetic son (4:23). This divine commandment preserves
our respect for our fathers and their most private affairs. Similarly, the
prophet was a father figure to the believers of his time. For the good of
those believers, God enjoined them from marrying women who were previously
married to the prophet. Marriage is a sacred and very private relationship,
and the prophet's private life was better kept private.
[24:58] O you who believe, permission must be requested
by your servants and the children who have not attained puberty (before entering
your rooms). This is to be done in three instances - before the Dawn Prayer,
at noon when you change your clothes to rest, and after the Night Prayer.
These are three private times for you. At other times, it is not wrong for
you or them to mingle with one another. GOD thus clarifies the revelations
for you. GOD is Omniscient, Most Wise.
The reputation of the individual must be protected
from all forms of unjustified attack:
[104:1]
Woe to every backbiter, slanderer.
Article 13
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the
borders of each State.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to
return to his country.
The Quran gurantees the right of the oppressed to
emigrate in the cause of God (the course of justice) and to rebel against
all forms of oppression:
[4:100] Anyone who emigrates in the cause of God
will find on earth great bounties and richness.
[4:97] Those whose lives are terminated by the angels,
while in a state of wronging their souls, the angels will ask them, "What
was the matter with you?" They will say, "We were oppressed on earth." They
will say, "Was GOD's earth not spacious enough for you to emigrate
therein?"….
Article 14
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum
from persecution.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising
from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles
of the United Nations.
(see above)
Article 15
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the
right to change his nationality.
A respect for all cultures as members of the one
universal humanity is recognized throught the Quran:
[5:48] …Had GOD willed, He could have made
you one congregation. But He thus puts you to the test through the revelations
He has given each of you. You shall compete in righteousness. To GOD is your
final destiny - all of you - then He will inform you of everything you had
disputed.
[49:13] O people, we created you from the same male
and female, and rendered you distinct peoples and tribes, that you may recognize
one another. The best among you in the sight of GOD is the most righteous.
GOD is Omniscient, Cognizant.
Article 16
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality
or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled
to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of
the intending spouses.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is
entitled to protection by society and the State.
The sanctity of the family is clearly recognized
throughout the Quran, with a strong emphasis on the need to reconcile
relationships equitably. The Quran also guranteed women with divorce rights
at at a time when their subordination was the traditional norm:
[25:54] He is the One who created from
water a human being, then made him reproduce through marriage and mating.
Your Lord is Omnipotent.
[30:21] Among His proofs is that He created for
you spouses from among yourselves, in order to have tranquility and contentment
with each other, and He placed in your hearts love and care towards your
spouses. In this, there are sufficient proofs for people who
think.
[2:102]…These two did not divulge such knowledge
without pointing out: "This is a test. You shall not abuse such knowledge."
But the people used it in such evil schemes as the breaking up of
marriages….
[4:129] You can never be equitable in dealing with
more than one wife, no matter how hard you try. Therefore, do not be so biased
as to leave one of them hanging (neither enjoying marriage, nor left to marry
someone else). If you correct this situation and maintain righteousness,
GOD is Forgiver, Most Merciful.
[2:241] The divorcees also shall be provided for,
equitably. This is a duty upon the righteous.
[4:35] If a couple fears separation, you shall appoint
an arbitrator from his family and an arbitrator from her family; if they
decide to reconcile, GOD will help them get together. GOD is Omniscient,
Cognizant.
Article 17
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association
with others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
Our right to property is clearly spelled
out:
[2:05] As soon as he leaves, he roams the earth
corruptingly, destroying properties and lives. GOD does not love
corruption.
[4:2] You shall hand over to the orphans their rightful
properties. Do not substitute the bad for the good, and do not consume their
properties by combining them with yours. This would be a gross
injustice.
[4:6] You shall test the orphans when they reach
puberty. As soon as you find them mature enough, give them their property.
Do not consume it extravagantly in a hurry, before they grow
up…
[4:29] O you who believe, do not consume each others'
properties illicitly - only mutually acceptable transactions are permitted.
You shall not kill yourselves. GOD is Merciful towards you.
[38:24] He said, "He is being unfair to you by asking
to combine your sheep with his. Most people who combine their properties
treat each other unfairly, except those who believe and work righteousness,
and these are so few." Afterwards, David wondered if he made the right judgment.
He thought that we were testing him. He then implored his Lord for forgiveness,
bowed down, and repented.
[59:8] (You shall give) to the needy who immigrated.
They were evicted from their homes and deprived of their properties, because
they sought GOD's grace and pleasure, and because they supported GOD and
His messenger. They are the truthful.
Article 18
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this
right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either
alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his
religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
Unlike most traditional Islamic societies, the Quran
guarantees each idividual to complete freedom of religion:
[2:256] There shall be no compulsion in religion:
the right way is now distinct from the wrong way. Anyone who denounces the
devil and believes in GOD has grasped the strongest bond; one that never
breaks. GOD is Hearer, Omniscient.
Article 19
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and _expression; this right
includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive
and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
Here we see how each individual must be ensured
of the right to his own beliefs and way of life:
[18:29] Proclaim: "This is the truth from your Lord,"
then whoever wills let him believe, and whoever wills let him
disbelieve.....
Article 20
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
Compelling others to accept your own beliefs and
values is a completely alien concept to the Quran. We are each free to choose
our own associations and paths in life. Infact the Quran even recognizes
that there is more than one path to God:
[2:62] Surely, those who believe, those who are
Jewish, the Christians, and the converts; anyone who (1) believes in GOD,
and (2) believes in the Last Day, and (3) leads a righteous life, will receive
their recompense from their Lord. They have nothing to fear, nor will they
grieve.
[2:148] Each of you chooses the direction to follow;
you shall race towards righteousness. Wherever you may be, GOD will summon
you all. GOD is Omnipotent.
Thus, what we believe is our own individual choice
and nobody has the right to take that away from us.
Article 21
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country,
directly or through freely chosen representatives.
2. Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government;
this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall
be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by
equivalent free voting procedures.
The need for consensus and public approval in all
policymaking is the Quranic standard:
[42:38] They respond to their Lord by observing
the Contact Prayers (Salat). Their affairs are decided after due consultation
among themselves, and from our provisions to them they give (to
charity).
[39:18] They are the ones who examine all words,
then follow the best. These are the ones whom GOD has guided; these are the
ones who possess intelligence.
Article 22
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is
entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation
and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the
economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the
free development of his personality.
Here we clearly see the emphasis on a need for consensus, co-operation and
on a compassionate approach to ensure the satisfaction of everyone:
[3:159] It was mercy from GOD that you became
compassionate towards them. Had you been harsh and mean-hearted, they would
have abandoned you. Therefore, you shall pardon them and ask forgiveness
for them, and consult them….
Article 23
1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just
and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal
work.
3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring
for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and
supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection
of his interests.
The Quran encourages trade and commands us to be
fair and equitable in all transactions:
[30:46] Among His proofs is that He sends the winds
with good omen, to shower you with His mercy, and to allow the ships to run
in the sea in accordance with His rules, and for you to seek His bounties
(through commerce), that you may be appreciative.
[17:66] Your Lord is the One who causes the ships
to float on the ocean, that you may seek His bounties. He is Most Merciful
towards you.
[4:135] O you who believe, you shall be absolutely
equitable, and observe GOD, when you serve as witnesses, even against yourselves,
or your parents, or your relatives. Whether the accused is rich or poor,
GOD takes care of both. Therefore, do not be biased by your personal wishes.
If you deviate or disregard (this commandment), then GOD is fully Cognizant
of everything you do.
[6:152] …You shall give full weight and full
measure when you trade, equitably…
[11:85] "O my people, you shall give full measure
and full weight, equitably. Do not cheat the people out of their rights,
and do not roam the earth corruptingly.
Article 24
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation
of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
The Quran gives us general statements on how rest
is part of human nature. None should be denied a good night's sleep as night
and day are designated with their own specific functions in meeting our needs.
Denial of our right to a reasonable amount of leisure time would be detrimental
to our health and contrary to what the Quran prescribes for us:
[28:73] It is mercy from Him that He created for
you the night and the day in order to rest (during the night), then seek
His provisions (during the day), that you may be appreciative.
[33:53] …do not engage him in lengthy
conversations. This used to hurt the prophet, and he was too shy to tell
you. But GOD does not shy away from the truth…
Article 25
1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health
and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing
and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security
in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or
other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance.
All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social
protection.
The Quran guarantees social justice for everyone
through the goals of fasting, zakat and prayer. Fasting is meant to instill
within us a greater sense of empathy and social awareness towards the less
fortunate. By voluntarily depriving ourselves of our need for food we are
not only exerting self- restraint, but we are also more importantly inculcating
within ourselves a greater sense of gratitude towards our Provider and generosity
towards the poor. Zakat subscribes that we must set aside 2.5% of what we
receive from our paychecks as a charity to those in need. These are religious
duties upon every Muslim. Voluntary charity and caring for the orphans is
also strongly encouraged.
[107:1-7] Do you know who really rejects the faith?
That is the one who mistreats the orphans. And does not advocate the feeding
of the poor. And woe to those who observe the contact prayers (Salat) - who
are totally heedless of their prayers. They only show off. And they forbid
charity.
[2:215] They ask you about giving: say, "The charity
you give shall go to the parents, the relatives, the orphans, the poor, and
the traveling alien." Any good you do, GOD is fully aware thereof.
[70:24-25] Part of their money is set aside. For
the poor and the needy.
Article 26
1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least
in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be
compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally
available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the
basis of merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality
and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations,
racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United
Nations for the maintenance of peace.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall
be given to their children.
The Quran generally encourages seeking God's bounties
and learning, emphasizing the use of our faculties to verify information.
It is against anything that hinders the gaining of knowledge and encourages
us to think freely rather than beeing blinded by our own traditions and values.
It also asks us to open our eyes and reflect on God's creation:
[86:5] Let the human reflect on his
creation.
[54:17] We made the Quran easy to learn. Does any
of you wish to learn?
[17:36] You shall not accept any information, unless
you verify it for yourself. I have given you the hearing, the eyesight, and
the brain, and you are responsible for using them.
[39:18] They are the ones who examine all words,
then follow the best. These are the ones whom GOD has guided; these are the
ones who possess intelligence.
Article 27
1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the
community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its
benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests
resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he
is the author.
It is a human tendency found in all cultures and
religions to impose limitations upon ourselves that prevent us from enjoying
God's blessings. Such is the case in much of the Muslim World, as cultures
impose upon themselves, especially upon women, limitations and restrictions
that hinder their social, economical, and psychological development. All
unreasonable limitations on our freedoms as individuals are condemned in
the Quran:
[16:14] And He committed the sea to serve you; you
eat from it tender meat, and extract jewelry which you wear. And you see
the ships roaming it for your commercial benefits, as you seek His bounties,
that you may be appreciative.
[7:32] Say, "Who prohibited the nice things GOD
has created for His creatures, and the good provisions?" Say, "Such provisions
are to be enjoyed in this life by those who believe. Moreover, the good
provisions will be exclusively theirs on the Day of Resurrection." We thus
explain the revelations for people who know.
Article 28
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights
and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.
Similarly, all human beings are to be guarnateed
all their rights in the Quran by virtue of being human.
Article 29
1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full
development of his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject
only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose
of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others
and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general
welfare in a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the
purposes and principles of the United Nations.
The Quran strictly ensures us our rights so long
as we do not infringe on the freedoms of others. It also reiterates that
nothing shall abrogate God's words:
[18:27] You shall recite what is revealed to you
of your Lord's scripture. Nothing shall abrogate His words, and you shall
not find any other source beside it.
[5:8] O you who believe, you shall be absolutely
equitable, and observe GOD, when you serve as witnesses. Do not be provoked
by your conflicts with some people into committing injustice. You shall be
absolutely equitable, for it is more righteous. You shall observe GOD. GOD
is fully Cognizant of everything you do.
[4:171] O people of the scripture, do not transgress
the limits of your religion, and do not say about GOD except the
truth….
[5:77] Say, "O people of the scripture, do not
transgress the limits of your religion beyond the truth, and do not follow
the opinions of people who have gone astray, and have misled multitudes of
people; they are far astray from the right path."
Article 30
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State,
group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act
aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.
Remarkably, the Quran takes note of the human tendeny
to use religion as an ideological tool in the oppression of others to meet
corrupt and political agendas. It thus strongly condenms such
behaviour:
[3:7] He sent down to you this scripture, containing
straightforward verses - which constitute the essence of the scripture -
as well as multiple-meaning or allegorical verses. Those who harbor doubts
in their hearts will pursue the multiple-meaning verses to create confusion,
and to extricate a certain meaning. None knows the true meaning thereof except
GOD and those well founded in knowledge. They say, "We believe in this -
all of it comes from our Lord." Only those who possess intelligence will
take heed.
[2:79] Therefore, woe to those who distort the scripture
with their own hands, then say, "This is what GOD has revealed," seeking
a cheap material gain. Woe to them for such distortion, and woe to them for
their illicit gains.
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